IJapan, ukongeza ekubeni lilizwe elifanekiselwa yinzululwazi egqwesileyo, ikwalilizwe elineemfuno eziphezulu zobuchule kwintsimi yobomi basekhaya. Sithatha intsimi yamanzi okusela imihla ngemihla njengomzekelo, iJapan yaqalisa ukusebenzisaimibhobho yentsimbi engenasicinjengemibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi ezidolophini ngo-1982. Namhlanje, umlinganiselo wemibhobho yamanzi yentsimbi engatyiwayo esetyenziswa eTokyo, eJapan uphezulu ukuya kutsho ngaphezu kwe-95%.
Kutheni iJapan isebenzisa imibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kummandla wothutho lwamanzi okusela?
Ngaphambi kowe-1955, imibhobho yezizili yayisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi etephini eTokyo, eJapan. Ukususela ngo-1955 ukuya ku-1980, imibhobho yeplastiki kunye nemibhobho edibeneyo yentsimbi-yeplastiki yayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Nangona iingxaki zobulunga bamanzi kunye neengxaki zokuvuza kwimibhobho eyenziwe ngamazimba ziye zasonjululwa ngokuyinxenye, ukuvuza kuthungelwano lonikezelo lwamanzi eTokyo kusenzima kakhulu, nezinga lokuvuza lifikelela kuma-40% -45% angamkelekanga ngeminyaka yoo-1970.
I-Tokyo Water Supply Bureau iqhube uphando olubanzi lovavanyo kwiingxaki zokuvuza kwamanzi ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10. Ngokohlalutyo, i-60.2% yokuvuza kwamanzi ibangelwa ukungonelanga kwamandla ezinto zombhobho wamanzi kunye nemikhosi yangaphandle, kunye ne-24.5% yokuvuza kwamanzi kubangelwa ukuyila ngokungekho ngqiqweni kokuhlanganiswa kwemibhobho. I-8.0 % yokuvuza kwamanzi ibangelwa kuyilo olungekho ngqiqweni lwendlela yemibhobho ngenxa yokwanda kwesantya esiphezulu seeplastiki.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Japan Waterworks Association icebisa ukuba kuphuculwe izixhobo zemibhobho yamanzi kunye neendlela zokudibanisa. Ukusukela ngoMeyi ka-1980, yonke imibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi enobubanzi obungaphantsi kwe-50 mm ukusuka kumzila ongundoqo wamanzi oncedisayo ukuya kwimitha yamanzi iya kusebenzisa imibhobho yamanzi yentsimbi engenakutyiwa, idityaniso zemibhobho, ingqiniba kunye neetephu.
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezisuka kwiSebe loNikezelo lwaManzi eTokyo, njengoko izinga lokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi engenastainless linyuke ukusuka kwi-11% ngo-1982 ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-90% ngo-2000, inani lokuvuza kwamanzi liye lehla ngokuhambelanayo ukusuka ngaphezulu kwama-50,000 ngonyaka ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970 ukuya kwi-2. -3 ngo-2000. , isonjululwe ngokusisiseko ingxaki yokuvuza kwemibhobho yamanzi okusela kubahlali.
Namhlanje eTokyo, eJapan, kufakwe imibhobho yamanzi ensimbi engenastainless kuzo zonke iindawo zokuhlala, nto leyo eye yaphucula kakhulu umgangatho wamanzi kunye nokwandisa ukumelana neenyikima. Ukususela ekusetyenzisweni kwemibhobho yamanzi yensimbi engenasici eJapan, sinokufumanisa ukuba izibonelelo zemibhobho yamanzi yensimbi engenasici ngokubhekiselele ekukhuselweni kokusingqongileyo okuluhlaza, ukugcinwa kwemithombo, kunye nempilo kunye nokucoceka akungabazeki.
Kwilizwe lethu, imibhobho yensimbi engenasici yayisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lomkhosi. Emva kweminyaka ephantse ibe yi-30 yophuhliso, ubuchwephesha bemveliso buye baphucuka kakhulu, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe buye bangena kwindawo yokuthuthwa kwamanzi okusela, kwaye iye yakhuthazwa ngamandla ngurhulumente. Ngomhla we-15 kaMeyi, i-2017, uMphathiswa weZindlu kunye noPhuhliso lweeDolophu-maPhakathi e-China ukhuphe "I-Pipeline yamanzi okusela ngokuthe ngqo kwiZakhiwo kunye neendawo zokuhlala" iNkqubo yeMithetho yoBugcisa boBuchwephesha ", echaza ukuba imibhobho kufuneka yenziwe kwimibhobho yensimbi engenasici. Ngaphantsi kolu hlobo, i-China iye yazala iqela labameli bamashishini karhulumente kunye namashishini abucala anobuchule obuphezulu bezobuchwepheshe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-21-2024