I-Nickel yinto yesinyithi ephantse ibe mhlophe njengesilivere, iqinile, i-ductile kunye ne-ferromagnetic ekwaziyo ukucoleka kakhulu kwaye imelana nokugqwala. I-Nickel yinto ethanda intsimbi. I-Nickel ikwimbindi yomhlaba kwaye yi-alloy yendalo ye-nickel-iron. I-Nickel inokwahlulwa ibe yi-nickel eyintloko kunye ne-nickel yesibini. I-nickel eyintloko ibhekisa kwiimveliso ze-nickel kuquka i-nickel ye-electrolytic, umgubo we-nickel, iibhloko ze-nickel, kunye ne-nickel hydroxyl. I-nickel ecocekileyo kakhulu ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zezithuthi zombane; i-nickel yesibini ibandakanya i-nickel pig iron kunye ne-nickel pig iron, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvelisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo. I-Ferronickel.
Ngokwezibalo, ukusukela ngoJulayi 2018, ixabiso le-nickel lamazwe ngamazwe liye lehla ngaphezulu kwama-22% lilonke, kwaye imakethi yekamva ye-nickel yaseShanghai nayo iye yehla, kunye nokwehla okuqokelelweyo okungaphezulu kwe-15%. Zombini ezi kwehla zibekwe kwindawo yokuqala phakathi kweempahla zamazwe ngamazwe nezasekhaya. Ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya kuJuni 2018, iRusal yavunyelwa yi-United States, kwaye imakethi yayilindele ukuba i-nickel yaseRashiya iya kubandakanyeka. Kunye neenkxalabo zasekhaya malunga nokunqongophala kwe-nickel enokuziswa, izinto ezahlukeneyo ziqhube amaxabiso e-nickel ukuba afikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu lonyaka ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Emva koko, zichaphazeleka zizinto ezininzi, amaxabiso e-nickel aqhubeka nokuhla. Ithemba leshishini malunga namathuba ophuhliso lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha libonelele ngenkxaso yokunyuka kwangaphambili kwamaxabiso e-nickel. I-Nickel yayilindelwe kakhulu, kwaye ixabiso liye lafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu leminyaka emininzi ngo-Epreli kulo nyaka. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso lweshishini leemoto zamandla amatsha luhamba kancinci, kwaye ukukhula okukhulu kufuna ixesha lokuqokelelana. Umgaqo-nkqubo omtsha wenkxaso-mali yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ophunyezwe phakathi kuJuni, ovumela inkxaso-mali kwiimodeli ezinamandla aphezulu, ukwathulule amanzi abandayo kwimfuno ye-nickel kwindawo yebhetri. Ukongeza, ii-alloys zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zihlala zingumsebenzisi wokugqibela we-nickel, ezibalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-80% yemfuno iyonke kwimeko yaseTshayina. Nangona kunjalo, intsimbi engagqwaliyo, ebangela imfuno enkulu kangaka, ayizange iqalise ixesha lesiqhelo le-"Golden Nine and Silver Ten". Idatha ibonisa ukuba ekupheleni kuka-Okthobha ka-2018, isitokhwe sentsimbi engagqwaliyo eWuxi sasiziitoni ezingama-229,700, ukunyuka kwe-4.1% ukusuka ekuqaleni kwenyanga kunye nokunyuka kwe-22% ngonyaka. Ichaphazeleka kukuphola kwentengiso yezindlu zeemoto, imfuno yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ibuthathaka.
Eyokuqala kukubonelela ngempahla kunye nemfuno, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekumiseleni iindlela zamaxabiso eziya kuqhubeka ixesha elide. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yokwanda kwamandla okuvelisa i-nickel yasekhaya, imakethi yehlabathi ye-nickel ifumene intsalela enkulu, nto leyo ebangele ukuba amaxabiso e-nickel aphesheya aqhubeke ehla. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela ngo-2014, njengoko i-Indonesia, umthengisi omkhulu we-nickel ore emhlabeni, ibhengeze ukuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo wokuthintelwa kokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-ore eluhlaza, iinkxalabo zemakethi malunga nomsantsa wokubonelela nge-nickel ziye zanda kancinci kancinci, kwaye amaxabiso e-nickel aphesheya aye aguqula umkhwa obuthathaka wangaphambili ngexesha elinye. Ukongeza, kufuneka sibone ukuba imveliso kunye nokubonelela nge-ferronickel kuye kwangena kancinci kancinci kwixesha lokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokukhula. Ngaphezu koko, ukukhululwa okulindelekileyo kwamandla okuvelisa i-ferronickel ekupheleni konyaka kusekhona. Ukongeza, amandla amatsha okuvelisa i-nickel iron e-Indonesia ngo-2018 aphezulu malunga nama-20% kunoqikelelo lonyaka ophelileyo. Ngo-2018, amandla okuvelisa e-Indonesia agxile kakhulu kwiTsingshan Group Phase II, eDelong Indonesia, eXinxing Cast Pipe, eJinchuan Group, kunye neZhenshi Group. Ezi mveliso zikhutshwa. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwe-ferronickel kukhululeke kwixesha elizayo.
Ngamafutshane, ukuthamba kwamaxabiso e-nickel kube nempembelelo enkulu kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye inkxaso yasekhaya ayonelanga ukumelana nokuhla. Nangona inkxaso yexesha elide elungileyo isekhona, imfuno ebuthathaka yasekhaya esezantsi nayo ibe nempembelelo kwimarike yangoku. Okwangoku, nangona kukho izinto ezilungileyo ezisisiseko, ubunzima obufutshane bunyuke kancinci, nto leyo ebangele ukukhululwa okungakumbi kokuthintela umngcipheko wemali ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhulu lwe-macro. Iimvakalelo ze-macro ziyaqhubeka nokuthintela ukuthambekela kwamaxabiso e-nickel, kwaye nokuqina kwee-macro shocks akukuthinteli ukuhla kwinqanaba. Kukho umkhwa obonakalayo.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-11-2024